Philopsphy paper Term Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Philopsphy - Term Paper Example This paper applies these two theories of ethics on particular concrete cases. The cases are, keeping/breaking a promise, abortion, and Euthanasia. As sources of information, two books are used: Practical Ethics, by Peter Singer, and Ground Work of the Metaphysics of Morals, by Emmanuel Kant. Before applying the two ethical theories to the above cases, it is important to first give an overview of each of the theories. To begin with, the utilitarian theory of ethics is an end based theory. In other words, in determining the morality of an action, the proponents of utilitarian theory will focus on the end result of the action, and if the end product of the action will result in greater good to the majority of people, i.e. if the action will maximize happiness for the majority, then the action is a morally right action (Singer, 3). On the contrary, if the action diminishes happiness, or makes the majority of people to suffer, then the action is morally wrong. Deontological theory of Ethi cs on the other hand is based on the law or the duty ( Kant, 13-15). This means that an action is regarded as being morally right if it is done in accordance with the requirements of the law, or in fulfilment of one’s obligation. ... tological theory of Ethics, the main question that we should ask ourselves is whether or not the act of breaking or keeping the promise is in line with our obligations or the law. Emmanuel Kant, one of the main proponents of deontological theory of Ethics argues, in his famous categorical imperative, that before taking an action, we should ask ourselves whether we would wish our manner of acting to be made into a universal law applicable to all similar cases (Kant, 18). Kant, therefore, is of the view that we have the obligation to treat others as we would like to be treated. In this sense, breaking a promise that we have made is morally wrong because we would also not like somebody who has promised us something to fail to keep their promise. We should always keep our promises since we have an obligation to fulfil what we have promised to do. A utilitarian on the other hand would base their judgement on the consequence or the end result of either breaking or keeping ones promise. If the action will maximize the interests of the majority, then the action is morally right, and on the contrary, if the action will result in diminishing happiness to the majority of people, then the act is morally wrong. On this basis, a utilitarian wouldn’t give a definitive answer on whether the act of keeping or breaking a promise is intrinsically wrong or right. A utilitarian will conclude that the morality of the action of either keeping or breaking a promise will greatly depend on the particular circumstance at hand. If the circumstance is such that keeping or breaking a promise will lead to greater happiness for the majority, then the action is morally right and if the action will lead to suffering of the majority of people, then the action is morally wrong. Abortion The main

Seperate paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Seperate paper - Essay Example time, 14-year old students who eat French Fries three times per week will gain at least two more pounds than students who eat French Fries twice a week. The 14-year old students in this experiment are samples. Objective of the experiment is to achieve the inferences for the entire population based on analysis of data received upon conducting experiments with the samples. The first task is to determine the number of samples required to conduct the experiment. This depends on the task of the experiment. The task of the experiment is to establish a relationship between body weight calories intake from French fries during a fixed period of time. This can be expressed in the mathematical form as; Body weight = Æ’ (Calorie from French fries). Thus, three basic parameters for this experiment are; Body weight, Calories, and Time. If, Y = Body weight, X = Calorie, and t = time; then the function is Y t = Æ’ (X) while â€Å"t† is fixed. 14-year boys are samples of this experiment. Each sample is considered as a member of the population. In this experiment, individual member of the population is considered identical. Since individual members of the population are identical, then characteristics of the population can be derived based on one specimen. We have selected eight specimens from the following ethnic groups; White, Black, Hispanic, Asian. Specimen from each ethnic group was selected using probability sampling out of 50 samples from each ethnic group. In selecting specimens, initial weights and heights of the specimens were not taken into considerations. Nevertheless, for all specimens both parameters were within very close ranges. We divided each 4 samples in two groups: group A, and group B. Each sample group consisted 14-year boys from ethnics background; White, Black, Hispanic, Asian. We identified that there are two types variables that describe the purpose of the experiment, and verify the result. These variables are; controlled variables, and experimental

Todays Mafia Essay -- essays papers

Todays Mafia Although many arrests have been made, organized crime and the Mafia are still very active. Organized crime and its families, particularly the Italian mafia, have increased their illegal activities significantly over the past few decades. The Mafia and organized crime go hand and hand, one cannot be spoken without the other. Both of these forms of criminal actions have been recognized since the late 1800's, and police say it is not disappearing too fast.(Widener 6) Migration from Italy, has brought over many Italian criminals and crime tactics. The Italian Mafia has always been based on the island of Sicily and the southern mainland provinces of Calabria and Campania. (Worsnop 273) Traffic in drugs, chiefly heroin, provides the bulk of the Italian Mafia's revenue from Sicily. Cocaine is becoming more important, however, as drug lords from Colombia try to expand beyond the Americas. To gain a foothold in Europe, the Colombians have got to strike deals with the Mafia, which ironically guards its home turf. (273) Italy in general, has added to the crime list of the Mafia for over 100 years. The famous Al Capone, the Italian-American gangster of the Prohibition era, also known as Scarface because of a knife cut to his cheek. (Nash 79) He was born Alphonse Capone in Naples, Italy, and raised in Brooklyn, New York. He left school at an early age and spent nearly ten years "hanging-out" with gangs. In the 1920's he took over a Chicago organization dealing in illegal liquor, gambling, and prostitution from the gangster Johnny Torrio. (80) Convicted of income tax evasion in 1931 and sentenced to 11 years in prison, he was released in 1939. After obtaining syphilis, he went on to reside in Miami Beach, Florida. (80) Many Italian families are a major influence on the organized crime melting pot. Families such as the Colombo's, the Gambino's, the Bannanno's, and the Luchesse's have migrated from Italy, and play an important role in the organized crime system. (Worsnop 267) The Colombo family, which consists of approximately 100 members is currently led by Victor Orena. Victor is currently acting as boss due to the absence of Carmine Persico, who is serving a prison sentence for racketeering. (268) The Colombo families main activities include loan sharking, gambling, smuggling, and narcotics. This family guides much of its attenti... ...ses squirm under the heel of the mob." , 8 Jan. 1997. Eleanor Goldstein. Boca Raton, FL: Social Issues Resources Ser., 1997. Crime vol. 1 art. 99. Inman, William H. "The Mob in the Sun Belt." , 26 Jan, 1993: E1+ . Ed. Eleanor Goldstein. Boca Raton, Fl: Social Issues Resources Ser.,1997 Crime vol., 3 art. 66. Nash, Robert. Organized Crime the Whole Story, New York: Da Capo, 1992. World Encyclopedia of Organized Crime, New York: Da Capo, 1990. Luciano. Soon he was arrested for extortion, theft, and murder. While in jail a brain tumor was discovered on the left side of his brain and he died in 1967. Ragle, Larry. Crime Scene, New York: Avon Books, 1995. Sifakis, Carl. The Encyclopedia of American Crime, New York: Smithmark, 1992. Trimble, Alan, "Top Sicilian Mafia boss gives evidence." Reuters 23 Aug. 1996. CD News from Newsbank, Inc. Wiedner, Sandra. "A deal America must Refuse.", April 1986: 22+ . Ed. Eleanor Goldstein. Boca Raton, FL: Social Issues Resources Ser.,1997 Crime vol., 3 art. 19. Worsnop, Richard, "Mafia Crackdown." 27 March 1992. Ed. Eleanor Goldstein, Boca Raton, FL: Social Issues Resources Ser., 1997. Corrections vol.4, art.86.

Discussion Questions Essay

2. How do data from qualitative research differ from data in quantitative research? A quantitative research question is an interrogative sentence that asks a question about the relation that exists between two or more variables. Its purpose is to identify the variables being investigated and to specify the type of relationship, descriptive, predictive, or causal, being investigated. A qualitative research question asks a question about some process, issue, or phenomenon that is to be explored. 5. Assume you are a manufacturer of small kitchen electrics, like Hamilton Beach/Proctor Silex, and you want to determine if some innovative designs with unusual shapes and colors developed for the European market could be successfully marketed in the U.S. market. What qualitative research would you recommend, and why? The US market is very complex and extremely different than the European markets. I would employ a combination of interviews and focus groups. The interviews would allow the researches the opportunity to go deeper in the causes and effects of the choices that the consumers choose. This will enhance the data and information to allow the engineers to review the surveys in order to see if the concepts are true. 7. What dilemma does HealthPlus face, and why has the company turned to focus groups for insights? From the readings, I read that Healthplus had a dilemma that was like well  positioned given the growing concern over rampant obesity, especially among youth. .HealthPlus was right when it surmised that consumers are skeptical that something healthy can taste good. They also learned that there are some triggers they can use for their advertising to get people to eat healthy. The company turned to focus groups to get information on preliminary analysis on the focus group transcript content so that they can get their survey’s back quicker to see what they can fix before sending out to consumers. Chapter 8 1. Compare the advantages and disadvantages of the survey to those of observation. Under which circumstances could you make a case for using observation? The primary advantage to a survey over that of an observation study deals with the actual collection of data. With a survey the data collected is normally known and often is directed to specific answers due to the survey format where observational studies collect data in a haphazard way. However, observation can be a useful tool in certain situations. Observation is a very useful tool when the study must be concealed from the participants. In this manner someone can observe and the participants do not know they are involved in a study. This does present an ethical dilemma but often is required for successful data collection and study. 2. What ethical risks are involved in observation? In the use of unobtrusive measures? Any observations that involve individuals who are unaware present ethical concerns. Individuals in observation studies that use unobtrusive measures can be sneaky. Meaning the study can be concealed from those involved without their approval. For example, studies that make use of one way mirrors, hidden cameras, hidden microphones, etc. 5. The observer–participant relationship is an important consideration in the  design of observation studies. What kind of relationship would you recommend in each of the following cases? a. Observations of professional conduct in the classroom by the student author of a course evaluation guide. Direct b. Observation of retail shoppers by a researcher who is interested in determining customer purchase time by type of goods purchased. Concealment c. Observation of a focus group interview by a client. Indirect d. Effectiveness of individual farm worker organizers in their efforts to organize employees of grape growers. Participation

Essay - 1667 Words

â€Å"Can’t sleep again?† Draco asked as Will sat down again, the two in the same position as the day before, Draco leaning into the sofa, whilst Will sat on the edge, afraid to do something wrong, especially after his catastrophic day. Although he had tried to do as Professor Snape said, and sleep, there comes a point when you realise that succumbing to sleep is unlikely, and at midnight, or so, Will reached that point, coming down stairs once again, even though Snape would do nothing but refute his actions. â€Å"No, sir. You either, sir?† Will asked the blond giant, timidly. â€Å"Nope,† Draco said. â€Å"Had a bit of a rubbish day.† â€Å"You should have seen my day, sir,† Will said. â€Å"Are we having a competition?† Draco asked, raising his eyebrow. â€Å"What†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"Who is your enemy, sir?† Will asked, curiosity taking over. â€Å"Harry Potter - Im guessing youve heard of him.† Will shook his head. â€Å"Dont go outside much, do you?† Draco exclaimed, Will nodding his head sheepishly. â€Å"He defeated death as a child, and now everyone treats him, and his ginger and smart-arise friends, like they are Gods,† Draco explained. Will suddenly realised who they were. â€Å"I know them, sir.. The ginger giant gave me some robes on the train, because I had none, sir,† Will said. â€Å"Ginger giant?† Draco asked, cocking his eyebrow again, simpering. â€Å"Everyones like a giant to me, sir,† Will said, making Draco laugh. â€Å"That is true,† Draco said. â€Å"Why dont you have anything?† Draco asked. â€Å"Father doesnt want to be involved, so I never brought anything,† Will explained. â€Å"Oh,† was all Draco could say, guessing that his mum had passed away - usually kids would go with their mothers if they split up, not there dads. â€Å"There was an attack, sir,† Will said, as if he could read Draco’s mind. â€Å"I was only five, so I cant remember much, sir, only that there was an explosion. I used to have two older sisters too, sir.† â€Å"What about you, sir? Whats your family like, sir?† Will asked. â€Å"My father is strict, and my mother is too, but they want whats best for me, I guess,† Draco said, staring into the distance. â€Å"Theyd were out quite a bit, so I would be looked after by our house elf.† â€Å"House elf, sir? Whats that, sir?† Will asked - something he hadShow MoreRelatedWhat Is an Essay?1440 Words   |  6 PagesBuscemi Essay #3 Rough Draft An essay is a creative written piece in which the author uses different styles such as diction, tone, pathos, ethos or logos to communicate a message to the reader using either a personal experience, filled with morals and parables, or a informative text filled with educational terms. Educational terms could mean the usage of complicated and elevated words or simply information you would get in schools. 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Definition and Examples of Paragrams and Textonyms

Finance Minicase - 1062 Words

MINI CASE For your job as the business reporter for a local newspaper, you are asked to put together a series of articles on multinational finance and the international currency markets for your readers. Much recent local press coverage has been given to losses in the foreign exchange markets by JGAR, a local firm that is the subsidiary of Daedlufetarg, a large German manufacturing firm. Your editor would like you to address several specific questions dealing with multinational finance. Prepare a response to the following memorandum from your editor: To: Business Reporter From: Perry White, Editor, Daily Planet Re: Upcoming Series on Multinational Finance In your upcoming series on multinational finance, I would like†¦show more content†¦The indirect quote indicates the number of units of a foreign currency that can be bought for one unit of the home currency. 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